植物检疫

黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒（cucumber green mottle mosaic virus,CGMMV）和瓜类果斑病菌（Acidovorax citrulli,Ac）是侵染瓜类作物的重要种传病原，二者的样品前处理方法不同。本研究以感染CGMMV的西瓜、甜瓜和葫芦种子为研究对象，采用Ac检疫国家标准规定的样品前处理方法，制备种子样品悬浮液并提取核酸，使用CGMMV国家标准中的引物和探针进行RT-qPCR检测。研究结果显示，全部供试种子的CGMMV检测结果为阳性，且浸泡处理的RT-qPCR Ct值比粉碎处理显著偏低，扩增曲线更典型。浸泡处理的西瓜、甜瓜和葫芦种子的单个样品量分别为75 g（约1 500粒）、100 g（约3 000粒）和135 g（约750粒），2～6份样品即可满足3 000粒或更多种子样品量的检疫要求。研究结果表明，CGMMV和Ac完全可采用相同的样品前处理方法，种子浸泡适用于大量瓜类种子的CGMMV检测。

Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus(CGMMV) and Acidovorax citrulli(Ac) are important seed-borne pathogens infecting cucurbit crops,with different sample pretreatment methods for each. This study focused on CGMMV-contaminated seeds of watermelon,melon,and gourd,using the sample pretreatment method specified in the national quarantine standard for Ac to prepare seed suspension samples and extract nucleic acids. RT-qPCR detection was performed using the primers and probe from the national standard for CGMMV. The results showed that CGMMV was detected in all tested seeds,and the RT-qPCR Ct values of seed extracts were significantly lower than those of grinding treatment,while the amplification curves were more typical. The individual sample quantities for seed extracts of watermelon,melon,and gourd seeds were 75 g(approximately 1 500 seeds),100 g(approximately 3 000 seeds),and 135 g(approximately 750 seeds),respectively. 2-6 samples are sufficient to meet the quarantine requirements for 3 000 or more seed samples. The findings indicate that CGMMV and Ac can be processed using the same sample pretreatment method,and seed extract is suitable for CGMMV detection in a large number of cucurbit seeds.