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赤拟谷盗（Tribolium castaneum Herbst）是一种常见的仓储害虫，繁殖迅速、危害严重，如导致面粉结块、异味以至不能食用。气调处理作为一种环境友好型溴甲烷替代处理技术，目前已用于检疫和装运前处理。为确定赤拟谷盗检疫处理技术指标，以卵、低、中、老熟幼虫、蛹和成虫为对象，在室温（26～28℃）条件下测试其在1%、2%和4%低氧环境（N2平衡）下的死亡率，数据经方差分析、机率值分析及其LT99致死剂量比率比较，耐受性顺序为：蛹>老熟幼虫>中幼虫≥成虫>低幼虫≥卵；蛹为最耐受虫态，其LT99值分别为5.3 (5.0～5.7) d、5.5 (5.3～5.7) d，和15.5 (14.8～16.3) d。蛹经150 Gy X-射线辐照后再进行4%O2气调处理，LT99值为13.0 (11.8,14.8) d，计算致死剂量的协同比率为1.12～1.19，表明气调与辐照处理间存在协同增效作用。在26～28℃气调环境下，预测蛹的致死时间LT99.9 968分别为7.2 d(1%),7.3 d (2%),22.5 d (4%)和19.9 d (4%+150 Gy)，建议分别处理8、8、23、20 d作为赤拟谷盗检疫处理的技术指标。
Abstract：The red flour beetle,Tribolium castaneum Herbst,is a common storage insect that reproduces rapidly and causes serious damage to stored products,such as powder caking,unpleasant smell and even inedibility. The modified atmosphere(MA) treatment,accepted as a kind of phytosanitary measure,is regarded as an environmentally friendly alternative to methyl bromide for quarantine and pre-shipment uses.In order to develop the technical schedule for controlling T. castaneum,all the stages were treated at room temperature(26-28℃) under 1%,2% and 4% O2atmosphere(N2balance). To compare the tolerance to MA treatment,the mortality data were analyzed by variance analysis,probit analysis,and pare-wise comparison test of lethal dose ratios of LT99(the estimated minimum time achieving an efficacy of 99%mortality at 95% confidence level). The sequence of the tolerance to MA was:pupa> late-stage larva >middle-stage larva ≥ adult > young-stage larva ≥ egg;the pupae was defined as the most tolerant stage.The estimated LT99values were 5.3(5.0-5.7) d,5.5(5.3-5.7) d and 15.5(14.8-16.3) d when pupae were respectively treated under 1%,2% and 4% O2atmosphere. But the LT99was 13.0(11.8,14.8) d when the pupae were firstly irradiated with X-rays at the dose of 150 Gy and then treated with 4% O2MA.The synergistic ratio calculated was 1.12-1.19,indicating that the MA and irradiation showed the synergistic effect. In addition,the estimated LT99.996 8is 7.2 d(1%),7.4 d(2%),22.5 d(4%) and 19.9 d(4%+150Gy),therefore,8 d,8 d,23 d and 20 d respectively,may be recommended as the minimum lethal time for phytosanitary treatment of the red flour beetle infested in products.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19662/j.cnki.issn1005-2755.2022.00.026
中图分类号:S379.5
引用信息:
[1]韩欣,孙滔,赵卿颖等.赤拟谷盗气调辐照复合处理技术初探[J].植物检疫,2022,36(06):14-19.DOI:10.19662/j.cnki.issn1005-2755.2022.00.026.
基金信息:
中国检验检疫科学研究院基本科研业务费项目（2020JK032）; 国家市场监督管理总局食品储运生物污染控制专项（2021）