植物检疫

松材线虫病是由松材线虫引起的一种具有毁灭性的森林病害。松材线虫的准确鉴定是控制病害扩散蔓延的关键之一。长期以来，松材线虫的鉴定以分离线虫、鉴定线虫为主要方法。近年来，直接对木片中的松材线虫进行核酸检测的方法有报道。但关于这两种方法的比较研究未见报道。本研究对市售某公司直接对木片中的松材线虫进行核酸检测的方法开展试验，并与传统方法的检测结果进行比较。结果表明，相比传统方法，直接对木片中的松材线虫进行核酸检测的方法耗时在30 min以内，其检测时长远远低于传统方法。直接对木片中的松材线虫进行核酸检测的方法存在“核酸阳性”而传统方法却“分离不到线虫”的现象，建议对于核酸筛查阳性的，需进一步用常规线虫分离方法验证。

Pine wilt disease is a devastating forest disease caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. Accurate identification of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is one of the key factors in controlling the spread of the disease. For a long time,the identification of pine wood nematodes has mainly relied on isolating and identifying nematodes. In recent years,direct nucleic acid testing methods of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in wood chips were reported. However,no reports on the comparative study of these two methods. This study compared the direct nucleic acid testing methods of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in wood chips sold by company with the traditional methods. The results showed that compared with the traditional methods,direct nucleic acid testing methods of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in wood chips cost about 30 minutes,and its detection time was shorter than traditional methods. Moreover,direct nucleic acid testing methods of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in wood chips appeared the phenomenon that the nucleic acid testing results were positve but unable to acquire nematode from the samples. It is recommended to use direct nucleic acid testing methods of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in wood chips for initial screening,and further verification should be carried out using conventional nematode isolation methods for the positive-screened samples.